The China-Pakistan Axis: Asia's New Geopolitics (49 page)

    
24
. “Promote Friendship Between Our People and Work Together to Build a Bright Future”, Speech by Xi Jinping, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan, 7 September 2013,
http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zzjg_663340/dozys_664276/gjlb_664280/3180_664322/3182_664326/t1078088.shtml,
last accessed 25 May 2014.

    
25
. Ding Qingfen, Xue Chaohua and Chen Jia, “Western program new engine for growth”,
China Daily
, 20 Aug. 2013,
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last accessed 27 Nov. 2013.

    
26
. “PLA banner in Ladakh says ‘You are in China’ but Govt insists no intrusion”,
India Today
, 29 Apr. 2013,
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last accessed 3 Feb. 2014.

    
27
. Manoj Joshi, “Making sense of the Depsang incursion”,
The Hindu
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http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/making-sense-of-the-depsang-incursion/article4689838.ece,
last accessed 27 Nov. 2013.

    
28
. Li Keqiang, Written Address at New Delhi Airport, 19 May 2013,
http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/topics/lkqipsg/t1043366.shtml,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
29
. “BRICS and Africa: Partnership for Development, Integration and Industrialisation”, eTHekwini Declaration, Fifth BRICS Summit, 27 Mar. 2013,
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last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
30
. Ananth Krishnan, “BCIM corridor gets push after first official-level talks in China”,
The Hindu
, 21 Dec. 2013,
http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/world/bcim-corridor-gets-push-after-first-officiallevel-talks-in-china/article5483848.ece,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
31
. Harun ur Rashid, “BCIM Economic Corridor: A Giant Step Towards Integration,” Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies, Article #4172, 12 Nov. 2013,
http://www.ipcs.org/article/india/bcim-economic-corridora-giant-step-towards-integration-4172.html,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
32
. Sudha Mahalingam, “Kolkata-Kunming rally begins”,
The Hindu
, 23 Feb. 2013,
http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/kolkatakunming-rally-begins/article4446805.ece,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
33
. Puyam Rakesh Singh, “Opening northeast for BCIM corridor large challenge for India”,
Global Times
, 28 Oct. 2013,
http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/820856.shtm,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
34
. Rajagopalan, Rajeswari Pillai and Rahul Prakesh, “Sino-Indian Border Infrastructure: an Update”, Observer Research Foundation, Occasional Paper #42, May 2013, pp. 10–21,
http://www.observerindia.com/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/occasionalpaper/attachments/Occasional42_1369136836914.pdf,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
35
. Li Keqiang, “Seize the New Opportunities in China-India Strategic Cooperation”,
Indian Review of Global Affairs
, 22 May 2013,
http://www.irgamag.com/resources/interviews-documents/item/2851-seize-the-new-opportunities-in-china-india-strategic-cooperation,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
36
. “India, Japan to build industrial corridor”,
Times of India
, 13 Dec. 2006,
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006–12–13/india/27787427_1_industrial-corridor-freight-corridor-japan-india-policy-dialogue,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
37
. “Six Thunder jets escort Premier Li Keqiang’s plane in Pakistan”, SinaEnglish, 23 Mar. 2013,
http://english.sina.com/china/p/2013/0522/592832.html,last
accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
38
. Sumera Khan, “Enter the dragon: China offers help to end Pakistan’s energy woes”,
Express Tribune
, 23 May 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/553246/enter-the-dragon-china-offers-help-to-end-pakistans-energy-woes/,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
39
. Ibid.

    
40
. Shabhaz Rana, “Building on ties: new premier indicates plans to link Gwadar with China”,
Express Tribune
, 6 Jun. 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/559370/building-on-ties-new-premier-indicates-plan-to-link-gwadar-with-china/
last accessed 12 Feb. 2014.

    
41
. Quoted in “PM’s address to the nation: Nawaz Sharif dreams to make Pakistan an ‘Asian Tiger’”,
Express Tribune
, 19 Aug. 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/592284/pms-address-to-the-nation-nawaz-sharif-dreams-to-make-pakistan-an-asian-tiger/,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
42
. “China says its nuclear reactor gets first foreign contract”,
Times of India
, 20 Apr. 2013,
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013–04–20/china/38692640_1_china-national-nuclear-corporation-reactor-earlier-nuclear-power-plants,
last accessed 27 Nov. 2013.

    
43
. “Chinese engineers escape bomb attack in Clifton”,
Dawn
, 22 May. 2013,
http://dawn.com/news/1012910/chinese-engineers-escape-bomb-attack-in-clifton,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
44
. Ibid.

    
45
. “Facing down the Taliban on the Himalayas’ killer mountain”, 5 Jan. 2014,
The Guardian
,
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/05/taliban-himalayas-mountain-nanga-parbat-climbers,
last accessed 27 Jan. 2014.

    
46
. Farooq Ahmed Khan, “Taliban say their Jundul Hafsa unit carried out killings”,
Dawn
, 24 Jun. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1020309/otaliban-say-their-jundul-hafsa-unit-carried-out-killings-ojundullah-also-claims-responsibility-terroris,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014; Zarar Khan, “Taliban kill 10 Foreign climbers, Pakistani guide”,
USA Today
, 23 Jun. 2013,
http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/06/23/pakistan-mountain-climbers-shot/2449809/,
last accessed at 20 Nov. 2013.

    
47
. Jamal Shahid, “Chinese mountaineer narrates dramatic escape”,
Dawn
, 29 Jun. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1021528/chinese-mountaineer-narrates-dramatic-escape,
last accessed 20 Nov. 2013.

    
48
. Haq Nawaz Khan and Tim Craig, “Taliban kills foreign climbers in Pakistan”,
Washington Post
, 23 Jun. 2013,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/taliban-kills-foreign-climbers/2013/06/23/a811ea4c-dbef-11e2-a484-7b7f79cd66a1_story.html,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
49
. “China condemns violent attack in Pakistan-administered Kashmir”,
People’s Daily
, 24 Jun. 2013,
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90883/8295751.html,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
50
. Salman Masood and Declan Walsh, “Militants kill 10 climbers in Himalyas of Pakistan”,
New York Times
, 23 Jun. 2013,
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/24/world/asia/gunmen-kill-climbers-in-northern-pakistan.html?_r=0,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
51
. “Nanga Parbat investigators shot dead in Chilas”,
Express Tribune
, 7 Aug. 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/587534/terror-in-gilgit-baltistan-nangaparbat-investigators-shot-dead-in-chilas/,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
52
. Salam Masood, “Pakistani Taliban kill 22 Shiites in bus attack”,
New York Times
, 16 Aug. 2012; Farman Ali, “Sectarian Violence: Jundallah claims responsibility for Kohistan bus attack”,
Express Tribune
, 28 Feb. 2012.

    
53
. Tom Hussain, “Karachi, Besham choice home bases for Afghan Taliban”,
The News
, 17 Sept. 2011,
http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=68140&Cat=2,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013; Rina Saeed Khan, “Why I hate Chilas”,
Dawn
,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1022046/why-i-hate-chilas/1,
last accessed 18 Nov. 2013.

    
54
. “Nawaz Sharif fails to speak English”,
YouTube.com,
uploaded Jul. 2013,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lWVvmnzbyk,
last accessed 21 Jul. 2013.

    
55
. “Kashagar-Gwadar project a “game changer” for whole region: Sharif ”,
Dawn
, 7 Jul. 2013,
http://dawn.com/news/1023486/kashgar-gwadar-project-a-game-changer-for-whole-region-sharif,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
56
. “Ahsan Iqbal discusses trade, energy with Chinese minister”,
Dawn
, 26 Jun. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1020852/ahsan-iqbal-discusses-tradeenergy-with-chinese-minister,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
57
. “Speeding up development: Nawaz to induct ‘China cell’ into PM’s office”,
Express Tribune
, 8 Jul. 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/573934/speed-ing-up-development-nawaz-to-induct-china-cell-into-pms-office/,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
58
. Ibid.

    
59
. Rana Jawad, “Chinese firms ready to invest billions of dollars in Pakistan”,
The News
, 5 Jul. 2013,
http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13–23889-Chinese-firms-ready-to-invest-billions-of-dollars-in-Pakistan,
last accessed 6 Jul. 2013.

    
60
. Author interviews, Beijing, Feb. 2014.

    
61
. Lieven, Anatol,
Pakistan: A Hard Country
, New York: Public Affairs, 2011, p. 245.

    
62
. Ibid.

    
63
. Author interview in Washington, DC, Jun. 2013.

    
64
. Ibid.

    
65
. Feisal H. Naqvi, “An unholy alliance”,
Express Tribune
, 25 Feb. 2013, http://
tribune.com.pk/story/512400/an-unholy-alliance/,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
66
. “Pakistan’s Punjab Government allocates funds for JuD centre”,
The Hindu
, 18 Jun. 2013,
http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/south-asia/pakistans-punjab-government-allocates-funds-for-jud-centre/arti-cle4826052.ece,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014; “Why Pakistan is desperate for Lashkar-e-Taiba’s friendship”,
First Post
, 21 Jun. 2013,
http://www.first-post.com/world/why-pakistan-is-desperate-for-lashkar-e-taibas-friend-ship-893349.html,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
67
. “Nawaz Sharif calls for Taliban talks”,
Dawn
, 21 May. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1012539/nawaz-sharif-calls-for-taliban-talks,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
68
. Interviews in Islamabad, May 2013.

    
69
. “Thar coal: MoU to set up 6,000MW power plants”,
Express Tribune
, 16 Aug. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1058719/karachi-operation-to-continue-until-objectives-met-sharif,
last accessed 3 Feb. 2014.

    
70
. Mehreen Zahra-Malik, “China commits $6.5 billion for Pakistani nuclear project”, Reuters, 24 Dec. 2013,
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/24/us-pakistan-china-nuclear-idUSBRE9BN06220131224,
last accessed 27 Dec. 2013.

    
71
. “Karachi operation to continue until objectives met: Sharif ”,
Dawn
, 26 Nov. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1058719/pm-in-karachi-inaugurates-coastal-power-project,
last accessed 23 Jan. 2014.

    
72
. Author interviews in Islamabad, Jun. 2013.

    
73
. Lucy Hornby and Ed Crooks, “China set to supply components to US nuclear power plants”,
Financial Times
, 30 Oct. 2013,
http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e8a83158–4164–11e3–9073–00144feabdc0.html#axzz2orTTeMHv,
last accessed 23 Jan. 2014.

    
74
. Author interviews in Beijing, May 2011.

    
75
. A.H. Nayyar, Pervez Hoodbhoy and Zia Mian, “Nuclear Karachi”,
Dawn
, 16 Dec. 2013,
http://www.dawn.com/news/1074169/nuclear-karachi,
last accessed 23 Jan. 2014.

    
76
. Sikander Shaheen, “Kayani off to China to buttress defence ties”,
Nation
,
5 Jan. 2012,
http://www.nation.com.pk/national/05-Jan-2012/kayani-off-to-china-to-buttress-defence-ties,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
77
. “As ties with U.S. sour Islamabad turns to Beijing”,
Express Tribune
, 28 Apr. 2011,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/158245/as-ties-with-us-sour-islamabad-turns-to-beijing/,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
78
. Author interviews in Beijing, Mar. 2012, and Islamabad, Jun. 2013.

    
79
. Katherine Houreld, “U.S., Pakistan ties fully repaired: Pakistan foreign minister”, Reuters, 28 Nov. 2012,
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/11/28/us-pakistan-usa-idUSBRE8AR0R320121128,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.

    
80
. “Kayani in China: Army chief discusses LoC, Afghanistan issues”,
Express Tribune
, 29 Oct. 2013,
http://tribune.com.pk/story/623957/kayani-in-china-army-chief-discusses-loc-afghanistan-issues/,
last accessed 26 Jan. 2014.