The Muslim Brotherhood (44 page)

visits to Europe
155
,
156
,
164
,
169

denies violence
181

visits Afghanistan
191
,
192
,
194

doubtful acceptance of democracy
217
,
221

The Path of Al-Dawa: Between Reform and Deviation
220–1
,
250

Maududi, Abu Ala
36
,
78
,
184
,
187

Mawlawi, Sheikh Faisal
110
,
141
,
142
,
144
,
147
,
149
,
171

Meshal, Khalid
132

Meskine, Dhaou
149
,
175

military training camps
90
,
197

Millî Görüş
167
,
168
,
172

Mohamed’s Youth
27

Moral Behaviour, Society for
251

Morocco
215
,
228

students in France
145

Morsi, Mohamed
213
,
218
,
226
,
232

declared President
235–6
,
247
,
255
,
256
,
257

MSS (
Muslim Students’ Society
)
153
,
154
,
155
,
157
,
167

MTI (
Mouvement de la Tendance Islamique
)
140
,
149
,
238

Mubarak, President Hosni
45
,
112
,
212
,
220
,
221

Electoral Law 1983
45

Mubarak regime
213
,
214
,
215
,
216–17

Mufti of Jerusalem
198

al-Mujaddidi, Sheikh Haroun
190

Munich, Mosque and Islamic Centre
110
,
111
,
163
,
165

Murshid (Supreme Guide)
15
,
18
,
29
,
113
,
223
,
232

Muslim Brotherhood

roles
7

wins Egyptian elections
7

behaviour during Arab Spring
8
,
13

political role
9–10

reactionary force
9

spreading ideology
9

in Europe
10
,
12–13
,
110
,
136–7

movement in stasis
11
,
16

international organisation
12

ideology of violence
13

state repression
16

reformists
17

loses all election seats
63–4

against presence of US in Kuwait
122

unwilling to condemn Saddam Hussein
125

fears labelling as terrorist group
130
,
137

pragmatic working with establishment
137

reticent about links to Brotherhood
137
,
138

need to dissociate from leaders’ proclamations
138–9

informal links to UOIF
147

links to MAB
161

denies allegations of using violence
181

jihad as a duty
182–3
,
197
,
198

limited action in Afghanistan
192

supports Iraq bombings
196

supports Palestine bombings
196

military struggle against US and British in Iraq
201

repressed in Iraq
203

anti-Western discourse
206–7

accused of terrorist ideology
207–8

ambiguity towards violence
209

failure to address violent past
210

welcomes dialogue with the West
212

reluctant to be involved
213–15

becomes arch organiser
216

joins call for regime change
217

participates in dialogue
218

protestations of moderation
218

accused of betraying the revolution
219

declares not hungry for power
221

joins legal committee
222–3

works with Supreme Council for Armed Forces
222

eager for amendments referendum
223–4

accused of plot with SCAF
225

youth elements break away
227

expels ‘errant youth’
228

presses SCAF to allow party lists
230

returns to street demonstrations
230

fields presidential candidate
231–2
,
232–3

packs constituent assembly with Islamists
233–4

not Islamic enough
254

expected to deal with poverty and injustice
256–7

see also
Egyptian Ikhwan; Syrian Ikhwan

Muslim Council of Britain
160

Muslim Welfare House, Finsbury Park
154

Nachatt, Ahmed
147

Nada, Yousef
45
,
104
,
110
,
118–19
,
119
,
120
,
165

al-Nadwi, Abu Hassan
78
,
184
,
185

Nafisi, Sheikh Abdullah
56–7
,
115–16
,
219
,
246

Nahas, Obeida
81
,
87
,
97

al-Nahas, Prime Minister Mustafa Pasha
24

Nahnah, Mahfoud
128–9
,
147

Namangani, Nurredine Nakibhodscha
163

Nasreddin, Ahmed Idris
118

Nasser, President Gamal Abdel
33
,
70
,
152
,
190
,
205
,
229

attempted assassination
34

al-Nasser, Saud
126
,
127

National Salvation Front
97
,
98
,
213

New York Times
235

N’Gazou, Mohsen
147
,
176
,
177
,
178

Nizam al-Khass (military wing)

formation
27–9

political violence
29
,
30
,
182
,
208

dominates movement
32–3

prison releases
37

recruits student leaders
40

militants flee abroad
45

hardline group returns
48

curbs reformists
49

core principle obedience
117

al-Nour party
231
,
254

Nuqrashi, Prime Minister
30

Obama, President Barak
213
,
226–7

Organisation 1965
35
,
67
,
188

Osman, Dr Alamin
116
,
153
,
156

Oubrou, Tareq
147

Pakistan
117
,
193
,
195

Jama’at e-Islami
153
,
156
,
168
,
194

Palestine
198–201
,
202

Palestinians
98–9
,
124
,
132
,
256

Paris mosque
143

Plumbly, Sir Derek
214

Qadhafi, Colonel Mu’ammar
197
,
212
,
240
,
242

al-Qa‘ida
10
,
48
,
118
,
166
,
180
,
183
,
190
,
192
,
208

al-Qaradawi, Sheikh Yusuf
38
,
51
,
117
,
119
,
147
,
153
,
162
,
170
,
172
,
177

Qasir al-Aini Hospital, Cairo
39

Qur’an
20
,
143
,
148
,
189
,
217

Qutb, Sayyid
13
,
22
,
35–6
,
39
,
63
,
67
,
80
,
91
,
147
,
183
,
191
,
208
,
250

In the Shade of the Quran
155

Milestones
155
,
186
,
187
,
205
,
207
,
246

emerges as radical scholar
184–6
,
187–8
,
195
,
205
,
220

al-Rab’i, Dr Ahmad
207

Ramadan, Said
109–10
,
136
,
140
,
154
,
162–3
,
168
,
198
,
219

Ramadan, Tariq
110

al-Rawi, Ahmed
175–6
,
196

Rice, Condoleeza
213

Rida, Rashid
9
,
20
,
189

Riddah (apostasy)
78

Rifat, Ahmed
25
,
26

Riyadh, World Assembly of Muslim Youth
111

Roy, Oliver
194

Sadat, President Anwar
37
,
39
,
45
,
108
,
112
,
219

Sadeq Abdelmajid, Sheikh
116

Said, Dr Rifat
115
,
165
,
180

Said, Mohamed
87

Salafists
39
,
73
,
149
,
229
,
231
,
233
,
252
,
253
,
253–4

Saleh, Sobhi
222

al-Sanadi, Adel Rahman
29

Sananiri, Kamel
37
,
40
,
41
,
48
,
108
,
190–1

Sardar, Ziauddin
153
,
155

Sarkozy, Nicolas
151

Saudi Arabia
10
,
39
,
72
,
78
,
99
,
110
,
117
,
118
,
163
,
168
,
194

Saudi monarchy
110–11

Sawan, Mohamed
241

SCAF (
Supreme Council for Armed Forces
)
212
,
222
,
223–4

limits party lists in elections
229

proposes Supra-constitutional principles
230–1

refuses to dissolve government
232

dissolves parliament and bars entry
235

Schadlow, Nadia
259

Secret Murshid (Supreme Guide)
109

Setmariam, Mustafa (aka Abu Musab al-Suri)
180

Shabab Mohamed groups
68
,
70

Shafiq, Ahmed
236

Shamis, Ashur
153
,
155
,
186

al-Shaqfa, Mohammed Riad, General Guide
101

no objection to women or Christians
101–2

Sharia law
17
,
38
,
45
,
54
,
56
,
58
,
59
,
93–4
,
176
,
179
,
211
,
216
,
218
,
219
,
224
,
243
,
246
,
248
,
251
,
252
,
253

al-Shater, Khairet
48
,
231
,
232
,
233
,
235

Shati, Ismail
126

el-Shayyal, Jamal
161

Shobaki, Amr
53
,
56

Shukri, Mustafa
36
,
208

al-Sibai, Mustafa, Syrian Guide
68
,
68–70
,
75
,
77–8
,
92
,
199

Islamic Socialism
78

Siria, Saleh
225

Smith Richardson Foundation
12
,
259

Soltani, Sheikh
225

Sudanese Ikhwani
116
,
154

Sufists
73

suicide operations
171–2
,
180
,
196
,
197
,
200

Suleiman, Omar
218
,
219
,
220
,
235

Sultan, Issam
47
,
50
,
51
,
52–3

Sultani, Sheikh Abu Jarrah
147

al-Suri, Abu Musab (aka Mustafa Setmariam)
180

al-Swaidan, Tariq
126

Syria, Islamic Front
86–7

Syrian Ikhwan

spread from Egypt
9

uprising against Ba’athist regime
10
,
67
,
182

shift to violence
12
,
13

reformist programme
18

Aleppo wing
65
,
66
,
73
,
74

Damascus wing
65
,
66
,
73
,
74
,
77
,
79
,
164

Hamah massacre 1982
65–6
,
67

radicalisation
67
,
76

weakness of leadership
67

movement in exile
67–8
,
85

becomes Muslim Brotherhood
68

accepts secular constitution
69

anti-feudal agenda
69

submits to al-Banna’s authority
69

forced to dissolve
70