Laughter in Ancient Rome (75 page)

—Letters,
joking in,
105

—On the Orator:
aggressive laughter in,
120–23
; Aristotelian influence on,
110
,
116
,
248nn38
,
48
; Athenian wit in,
244n93
; causes of laughter in,
107
,
109
,
111
,
113
,
115–19
;
cavillatio
in,
110
,
111
,
113
,
114
; characters of,
108
,
247n36
,
248n37
; composition of,
108
,
247n34
; cookery analogies in,
124
; corruptions to,
111
;
dicacitas
in,
110
,
111
,
114
; double entendres in,
117
;
facetiae
in,
111
,
113
,
114
; format of,
108
; ideal orator in,
108
,
109
,
113
,
119
; jokes in,
118
,
200
,
212
,
231n4
; the laughable in,
109–10
,
120
; laughter in,
28
,
35
,
107–8
,
109–23
,
212
,
223n1
,
225n23
; on mime,
168
; mimicry in,
112
,
119
,
249n57
; nature of laughter in,
23
,
116
; puns in,
118
; Quintilian’s use of,
123
,
251n93
; Roman character of,
109
; sources of,
110
,
225n23
,
248nn46–47
; style of debate in,
109
; textual transmission of,
54
; topics of,
108
; traditions of oratory on,
121
; the unexpected in,
117–18
; wit in,
111–15
; wordplay in,
118

—The Orator,
wit in,
114
,
115

—Pro Caelio,
comic aspects of,
247n24

—
second
Philippic,
101
,
245n7

Cixous, Hélène,
37

Claeon (weeping spring),
25–26

Clarke, J. R.,
220n11
,
233n24
; on apotropaic laughter,
234n25
;
Looking at Laughter,
57–58

Claudius, Emperor: in
Apocolocyntosis,
64
; Caligula’s pranks on,
143–44
,
147
;
History of Rome,
133
; laughter of,
133
,
159
; quips of,
132

Clausen, W.,
242n55

Cleisophus (parasite of Philip of Macedon),
151

Clodius Pulcher, Publius: murder of,
100
,
126

Coleiro, E.,
241n51

Coleman, R.,
242n54

Colosseum, Roman: Commodus’s spectacles at,
1–2
,
219n1
; spectators at,
1

comedy: Aristotle on,
24
,
32
; Aristotle’s lost work on,
29–31
; clever slaves of,
254n29
;
Tractatus Coislinianus
on,
31
,
225nn28–29

comedy, Greek: Aristophanic,
226n35
; parasites in,
203
; scripted laughter in,
222n34
; survival of,
86

comedy, Roman: audience reactions to,
18
; eunuchs in,
9
; Greek ancestors of,
203
; inversionary,
235n47
; jokes involving hierarchy,
137
; modern stagings of,
18
; monkey tropes of,
162
; parasites in,
150
; performance space for,
8
; satyric,
130
; scripted laughter in,
8–17
; social relations in,
208
; stock characters of,
8

Commodus, Emperor: assassination of,
2
; court jesters of,
143
; execution of laughers,
132
; grin of,
6
,
141
; jokes of,
132
,
133
; resistance to,
5
; ridiculing of,
7–8
; spectacles of,
1–2
,
219n1
; threats to senators,
2–3
,
85
,
128

Connors, C.,
260n21

control: over body,
60
; of laughter,
43
,
134–35
; Roman protocols of,
133

Conybeare, Catherine,
155
,
238n68
,
259n103
; on Philo’s use of laughter,
254n42

copreae
(court jesters),
143–44
,
255nn51
,
58
; evidence for,
144
.
See also
jesters

Corbeill, Antony,
122
,
247n28
,
248n48
;
Controlling Laughter,
106
; on ridicule,
121

Corbett, Philip,
154
,
258n98

Cordero, N.-L.,
244n90

Cotta, Gaius Aurelius: in
On the Orator,
108
,
248n37

court, imperial: jesters at,
142–47
,
255n49
,
256nn63–64
; laughter in,
129
,
140–47