Laughter in Ancient Rome (78 page)

gelōs
(laughter),
3
; and
risus,
48

gelotophyllis
(laughter leaves), identity of,
25
,
28–29
,
224n8

Germans, ancient: laughter of,
52

Gibson, R.,
259n8

giggling,
259nn5–6
; Dio’s,
1–8
,
43
,
53
,
128
; women’s,
3
,
157
,
219n7

Gildenhard, Ingo,
241n49
,
246n20
,
249n61
,
251n91

gods: anthropomorphic statues of,
175
; laughter of,
136–37
,
159
,
169
,
254n28

Godwin, John,
171

Goldhill, Simon,
223n48
,
245n3

The Goodies,
laughing to death at,
177

Gorgons, laughter of,
36
,
57

Gospel of Jesus, laughter in,
228n45

Gowers, Emily,
68
,
256n73
; on Saturnalia,
236n49

Graf, F.,
248n41

Grant, M. A.,
248n46
,
250n67

Greek language: Roman laughter in,
85–95
; vocabulary for laughter,
6
,
71
,
76
,
207

Greeks, Alexandrian: mocking of Jews,
141
,
142
,
254n44

Green, P.,
258n93

Gruen, Erich,
211–12
,
243n72

Guérin, C.,
247n33
,
249n56

Habinek, T.,
267n124

Hadrian, Emperor: interactions with subjects,
135–36
,
253n23

hahahae
(interjection),
8
; in
The Eunuch,
9
,
12
,
14
,
16
,
90
,
107

Hall, E.,
262n50

Halliwell, Stephen,
73
,
233n21
; on agelasts,
265n89
; on animal laughter,
253n27
; on Democritus,
92
; on giggling,
259n5
;
Greek Laughter,
x
,
88
; on philosophy of laughter,
228n49
; on self-reflexivity,
223n50
; on Spartan laughter,
244n85
; on Xenophon,
257n81

Hals, Frans:
The Laughing Cavalier,
57

Hannibal, jokes of,
78

Harpaste (clown),
145
,
256n67

Hassan, Margaret,
233n18

Heath, J. R.,
266n109

Hekster, O.,
221n22

Henderson, John,
252n107

Hercules: attack on Stymphalian birds,
219n1
,
220n18
; dramatic interpretation of,
170

Herodas, use of
kichlizein,
219n8

herons, laughter of,
34
,
227n43

Herzen, Alexander,
49
,
65
,
231n1

Hierokles, association with
Philogelos,
188
,
269n11

Hippocrates, fictional accounts of,
92–93

Hobbes, Thomas: Nietzsche on,
45
; theory of superiority,
41
. Works:
The Elements of Law,
37
;
Leviathan,
41

Homer, use of
meidiao,
73

Horace: on Democritus,
244n84
; on Fescennine verses,
68
,
238n64
; on Greek culture,
87
; on Sarmentus,
153
,
255n48
;
Satires,
81
,
153
,
204
; Saturnalia in,
64
,
235n46
; style of laughter,
68
; use of
ridere,
72

House of the Dioscuri (Pompeii),
261n34

House of the Tragic Poet (Pompeii),
234n25
; CAVE CANEM mosaic,
58
,
59

human-animal boundary: in
The Golden Ass,
160
,
167
,
183
; Roman laughter at,
159–60
,
164–67
,
174
,
178
,
259n11

humorlessness, Victorian,
67

Hunter, R. L.,
262n52

Hutchinson, Gregory,
105

Hylas (pantomime actor),
79

identity: construction through wit,
247n29
; jokes about,
199–200
; proof of,
201
,
273n67

Ik (mountain people),
231n79

imitation: aggressive forms of,
263n62
; danger for orators,
250n80
; Galen on,
165–66
; monkeys’,
161–62
,
163–64
; observers’ perception of,
164–65
; in Roman laughter,
58
,
78
,
160
,
173
,
174
.
See also
mimicry

impersonation: in ancient theater,
170
; in Roman laughter,
78

incongruity, laughter at,
28
,
38
,
40
,
59
,
81
,
117
,
175–76
,
230n68
,
241n50