Salonica, City of Ghosts: Christians, Muslims and Jews 1430-1950 (84 page)

janissary - member of imperial infantry corps

Judesmo - Judeo-Spanish (lit. “Jewish”)

kadi - judge

kahal - congregation of a synagogue

kahya - agent, representative

khan - hostelry

komitadji - armed band member (lit. “committee-man”)

konak - villa, governor’s building

limonadji - lemonade-seller

loustros - shoe-black

mahalla - neighbourhood, district

Ma’min - followers of Sabbetai Zevi who converted to Islam

Marrano - Iberian Jews who converted to Catholicism

medrese - religious school attached to a mosque

mesjid - small mosque

millet - religious community

modistra - seamstress [dim. modistroula]

mollah - Muslim judge and senior member of the ulema

mufti - Muslim jurisconsult

muqarna - honeycomb combination of miniature squinches

narghilé - hookah

odos - street

orta - a janissary battalion

oud - musical instrument

pasha - governor, or high-ranking military officer

pasvant - neighbourhood watchman

pechlivanides - wrestlers

plateia - square

sarraf - personal banker, money-lender

shaknisirs - projecting covered windows

shari’a - Muslim canonical law

sheykh - elder, head of a religious order

sheykh-ul-Islam - Chief Mufti of the Ottoman empire

tekke - Sufi lodge

tseftiteli - belly-dance

turbe - mausoleum

ulema - the doctors of Muslim canon law, tradition and theology

vakf - charitable endowment

vilayet - province

yataghan - a long dagger, sword

yürük - Turkish nomad

zaharoplasteion - patisserie

ziyara - pilgrimage to the tomb of a holy man

The sea approach from the south-west,
c.
1860. The minarets and cypresses rising above the walls were what first struck visitors. The city is still entirely girded by its walls.
(photo credit 2.1)

The sea approach from the south-east. The eastern wall divides the city from the uninhabited slopes outside.
(photo credit 2.2)

The eastern walls in the early twentieth century. At the top is the stretch where Ottoman troops breached the Byzantine defences in the siege of 1430.
(photo credit 2.3)

A Muslim graveyard in open country outside the fortress, early twentieth century.
(photo credit 2.4)

Mosque and minaret in the Upper Town in the early twentieth century.
(photo credit 2.5)

Surrounded by postwar apartment blocks, the Aladja Imaret is one of the few surviving mosques in the city.
(photo credit 2.6)

An Ottoman tribunal in session.
(photo credit 2.7)

Women collecting water from a street fountain in the Upper Town.
(photo credit 2.8)

Sabbatai Zevi, sketched by an unknown artist in Izmir, 1666.
(photo credit 2.9)

Sabbatians in Salonica performing penitential exercises.
(photo credit 2.10)

Ma’min boy in the robes of a Mevlevi oblate, Salonica, late nineteenth century.
(photo credit 2.11)