The People's Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century (Vintage) (116 page)

2.
“World Will Hear Edison Celebration,” New York
Times,
Oct. 21, 1929; “Edison's Golden Day,”
Literary Digest,
Nov. 2, 1929, pp. 10–11.

3.
“Edison's Golden Day,” p. 11; and “Stenographic Report of the Proceedings of Light's Golden Jubilee,” p. 16, both in Vertical File—“Lights Golden Jubilee,” FA.

4.
“World Will Hear Edison Celebration”; “Stenographic Report of Light's Golden Jubilee,” pp. 1–16.

5.
A. M. Smith, “Edison Memorial Built by Ford's Persistence,” Detroit
News,
Oct. 13, 1929.

6.
Fred L. Black, “Reminiscences,” p. 34; A. G. Wolfe, “Reminiscences,” pp. 49–51.

7.
Samuel Crowther, “Henry Ford: Why I Bought the Wayside Inn,”
Country Life,
April 1925, pp. 43–45; New York
Times,
Feb. 17, 1924; “A Mid-West Victorian Inn,”
Mentor,
June 1929, pp. 11–13; Greenleaf,
From These Beginnings,
pp. 85–90.

8.
Charles Messer Stow, “Henry Ford, Historian,”
Antiquarian,
April 1929, pp. 47, 100;
Greenleaf,
From These Beginnings,
pp. 77–83; “Henry Ford Asked to Buy Ancient Virginia Town,” Detroit
Free Press,
Aug. 31, 1924.

9.
Black, “Reminiscences,” p. 36; Frank Vivian, “Reminiscences,” pp. 49–59; Israel Sack, “Reminiscences,” pp. 23–30; Harold Cordell, “Reminiscences,” pp. 57–58, 61; Wolfe, “Reminiscences,” p. 51.

10.
Sack, “Reminiscences,” pp. 37–38.

11.
Edward J. Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 131; Cordell, “Reminiscences,” p. 69; Sack, “Reminiscences,” p. 34; William J. Cameron, “Reminiscences,” p. 84; Wolfe, “Reminiscences,” pp. 163–64.

12.
Cordell, “Reminiscences,” pp. 58–59; Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 68.

13.
Charles A. Selden, “Ford Renews the Past for a Machine Age,” New York
Times Magazine,
Sept. 16, 1928, p. 8; Ruth Kedzie Wood, “Henry Ford's Greatest Gift,”
Mentor,
June 1929, p. 5; Henry A. Haigh, “The Ford Collections at Dearborn,”
Michigan History Magazine,
Jan. 1925, pp. 34–35.

14.
Ernest G. Liebold, “Reminiscences,” p. 890.

15.
Geoffrey C. Upward,
A Home for Our Heritage: The Building and Growth of Greenfield Village and Henry Ford Museum, 1929–1979
(Dearborn, 1979), p. 26; Robert O. Derrick, “Reminiscences,” pp. 1–2, 5, 8–9.

16.
Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 22–23, 52–57.

17.
Eunice Fuller Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,” New York
Times Magazine,
April 5, 1931, p. 3.

18.
Wood, “Ford's Greatest Gift,” p. 2; Samuel Crowther, “Henry Ford's Village of Yesterday,”
Ladies' Home Journal,
Sept. 1928, p. 10; “The Making of an American Citizen,”
Good Housekeeping,
Oct. 1934, p. 121.

19.
Cameron, “Reminiscences,” pp. 80–81; S. J. Woolf, “Mr. Ford Shows His Museum,” New York
Times Magazine,
Jan. 12, 1936, p. 20; Mary Lee, “Henry Ford Tells Us We Should Work,” New York
Times,
May 16, 1926.

20.
William C. Richards,
The Last Billionaire
(New York, 1948), pp. 116–23.

21.
“Fiddling to Henry Ford,”
Literary Digest,
Jan. 2, 1926, pp. 33–38; David L. Lewis, “The Square Dancing Master,” pp. 4–6, in Vertical File—“Henry Ford—Dancing,” FA.

22.
Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,” pp. 2–3; Selden, “Ford Renews the Past,” p. 8.

23.
Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 11–12; Charles Voorhess, “Reminiscences,” pp. 170–71, 174; Liebold, “Reminiscences,” pp. 895, 901–2.

24.
Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 132; Cordell, “Reminiscences,” pp. 63–65; Black, “Reminiscences,” pp. 44–45.

25.
Charles E. Sorensen,
My Forty Years with Ford
(New York, 1956), p. 19; Harold Hicks, “Reminiscences,” quoted in Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
p. 75; Cameron, “Reminiscences,” p. 95; Woolf, “Mr. Ford Shows His Museum,” p. 1.

26.
Crowther, “Ford's Village of Yesterday,” pp. 10–11, 116–18.

27.
Ibid., p. 118.

28.
Henry A. Haigh, “Henry Ford's Typical Early American Village at Dearborn,”
Michigan History Magazine,
July 1929, p. 508; F. D. McHugh, “Ford's Friend Edison,”
Scientific American,
Nov. 1929, p. 379; Cameron, “Reminiscences,” p. 69; “Greenfield Village's E. J. Cutler Dies, 78,” Detroit
News,
March 9, 1961; Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 26, 177. For an insightful sketch of Cutler's career, see Ford R. Bryan,
Henry's Lieutenants
(Detroit, 1993), pp. 81–87.

29.
Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 21–22.

30.
For a detailed description of the many buildings in Greenfield Village, see ibid., pp. 26–47, 80–110.

31.
Ibid., pp. 77–78, 97–101.

32.
HF,
Today and Tomorrow
(Garden City, N.Y., 1988 [1926]), p. 229; HF, “Foreword” to Wood, “Ford's Greatest Gift,” p. 2.

33.
Voorhess, “Reminiscences,” pp. 157, 158; Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,” pp. 2–3; Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 135; Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
p. 77.

34.
Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 138; Black, “Reminiscences,” p. 35.

35.
Voorhess, “Reminiscences,” pp. 157–58; Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 45, 29, with William Simonds quoted on the latter page.

36.
Cutler, “Reminiscences,” p. 121; Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
pp. 89–93; Richards,
Last Billionaire,
pp. 189–90, quoted in text.

37.
Upward,
Home for Our Heritage,
p. 76; David L. Lewis,
The Public Image of Henry Ford: An American Folk Hero and His Company
(Detroit, 1976), p. 280; Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,” p. 4.

38.
“Mr. Ford Collects,”
New Republic,
April 28, 1937, p. 352.

39.
S. J. Woolf, “Ford Answers Wealth-Sharers,” New York
Times Magazine,
July 7, 1935, p. 16.

40.
“Henry Ford Shakes a Wicked Hoof,”
Literary Digest,
Aug. 15, 1925, p. 38, quoted in text; “Reminiscences of Benj. B. Lovett,” p. 6, in acc. 572, box 7, FA, quoted in text; Eva O. Twork,
Henry Ford and Benjamin Lovett: The Dancing Billionaire and the Dancing Master
(Detroit, 1982), pp. 53–54.

41.
“Reminiscences of Lovett,” pp. 1–5; Bryan,
Henry's Lieutenants,
p. 183; former student quoted in Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 24–28.

42.
Richards,
Last Billionaire,
pp. 103–4, quoted in text; Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 53–55; “Reminiscences of Lovett,” p. 17.

43.
Interviews with Paul Major, Lucile Webster, and Mark Stroebel, quoted in Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 27–28, 138, 143–44.

44.
Interviews with Mark Stroebel, Lucile Webster, Gino Caporali, and Helen Holmes, quoted in Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 110–11, 143–44, 138–40, 144, 183.

45.
Interviews with Frank Caddy, Mark Stroebel, Patricia Damon, and Margaret Hair, quoted in Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 190, 143, 195–96.

46.
Richards,
Last Billionaire,
pp. 106, 109–11; Sorensen,
My Forty Years with Ford,
pp. 20, 21; J. L. McCloud, “Reminiscences,” p. 338, quoted in text; Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
pp. 59–60, quoted in text.

47.
Richards,
Last Billionaire,
pp. 108, 114; Keith Sward,
The Legend of Henry Ford
(New York, 1948), pp. 260–61; McCloud, “Reminiscences,” p. 353; Benjamin Lovett to International Press Photo Service, Oct. 6, 1926, in acc. 572, box 7, FA;HF,
Today and Tomorrow,
pp. 227–28.

48.
“Reminiscences of Lovett,” pp. 17, 19; Sorensen,
My Forty Years with Ford,
p. 21; Twork,
Ford and Lovett,
p. 81.

49.
Richards,
Last Billionaire,
pp. 109, 111–12.

50.
“Reminiscences of Lovett,” p. 18.

51.
McCloud, “Reminiscences,” p. 353; Derrick, “Reminiscences,” p. 23; “Mr. Ford Doesn't Care,”
Fortune,
Dec. 1933, p. 64; Howard Simpson, “Reminiscences,” p. 124.

52.
“Reminiscences of Lovett,” pp. 6–7; HF,
Today and Tomorrow,
pp. 226–27.

53.
Lovett to International Press Photo Service; “Reminiscences of Lovett,” pp. 9–10, 14, 20; Lovett, quoted in Detroit
News,
March 25, 1928.

54.
Benjamin B. Lovett,
Good Morning: After a Sleep of 25 Years, Old-Fashioned Dancing Is Being Revived by Mr. and Mrs. Ford
(Dearborn, 1926), pp. 13–14.

55.
Ibid., 14–15.

56.
New York
Times,
Nov. 13, 1935; “Henry Ford, Antiquarian,”
Nation,
June 30, 1926, p. 714; “Mr. Ford Collects,” pp. 353–54.

57.
Ford's 1919 testimony, reproduced in John B. Rae, ed.,
Henry Ford
(Englewood, N.J., 1969), p. 54; Chicago
Tribune,
May 23 and May 25, 1916; HF, quoted in John Reed, “Industry's Miracle Maker,”
Metropolitan Magazine,
Oct. 1916, p. 66.

58.
“History Is Bunk, Says Henry Ford,” New York
Times,
Oct. 29, 1921; Fred C. Kelly, “Ford Urges Nation to Shun War and Stock Gambling,” New York
Times,
Oct. 27, 1935; HF, quoted in Reynolds M. Wik,
Henry Ford and Grass-Roots America
(Ann Arbor, 1973), p. 206.

59.
HF, quoted in Reed, “Miracle Maker,” p. 66.

60.
Cameron, “Reminiscences,” pp. 84, 126–27; Black, “Reminiscences,” p. 9; an associate on the Greenfield Village project, quoted in Roger Burlingame,
Henry Ford
(New York, 1955), p. 16.

61.
Crowther, “Ford's Village of Yesterday,” p. 10; F. D. McHugh, “Ford's Friend Edison,”
Scientific American,
Nov. 1929, p. 379; Glen F. Jenkins, “Mr. Ford of Greenfield Village,”
Christian Science Monitor,
May 22, 1935, p. 3; Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum.”

62.
Anne o'Hare McCormick, “Ford Scans the Current Tides,” New York
Times Magazine,
Oct. 21, 1934, p. 1; Henry Ford, “Thinking Out Loud,”
American Magazine,
Oct. 1934, p. 19; Black, “Reminiscences,” p. 43; McHugh, “Ford's Friend Edison,” p. 379; Woolf, “Ford Shows His Museum,” p. 2.

63.
Selden, “Ford Renews the Past,” p. 8; Paul Paddock, “Edison to Remake First Light,”
Popular Mechanics,
April 1929, p. 940; Haigh, “Ford's Typical Village,” p. 508;
Looking Forward Through the Past,
1935, n.p., in FA.

64.
Selden, “Ford Renews the Past,” p. 8; HF and Arthur Van Vlissinger, Jr., “The Idea Behind Greenfield Village,”
American Legion Monthly,
Oct. 1932, p. 8; Barnard, “Ford Builds a Unique Museum,” pp. 2–3.

65.
HF and Van Vlissinger, Jr., “Idea Behind Greenfield Village,” p. 8; HF,
Today and Tomorrow,
pp. 226, 228–29;
Looking Forward Through the Past.

66.
See “The Small Town” and “The Old Ways Were Good,” in
Ford Ideals,
collection of “Mr. Ford's Own Page” editorials (Dearborn, 1926), pp. 296–99, 341–44, in FA.

67.
“Change Is Not Always Progress,” in
Ford Ideals,
pp. 361–64.

1.
“Mr. Ford Doesn't Care,”
Fortune,
Dec. 1933, pp. 63–69; U.S. Department of Commerce statistics, compiled in tables in Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.,
Giant Enterprise: Ford, General Motors, and the Automobile Industry
(New York, 1964), pp. 3–7.

2.
“Mr. Ford Doesn't Care,” pp. 121–28, 131–34.

3.
Ibid., p. 126; Charles Voorhess, “Reminiscences,” p. 21; Howard Simpson, “Reminiscences,” pp. 107–9.

4.
On HF and the 1929 White House conference, see “Ford's Wage Rise Comes as a Surprise,” New York
Times,
Nov. 22, 1929; “Ford Announces Immediate Wage Increase,” Detroit
Free Press,
Nov. 22, 1929; articles in Detroit
News
and Detroit
Times,
Nov. 22, 1929.

5.
These articles were condensed from the third volume of Ford's writings, published in 1930. See HF and Samuel Crowther,
Moving Forward
(New York, 1930).

6.
HF and Samuel Crowther, “The Fear of Overproduction,”
Saturday Evening Post,
July 12, 1930, p. 4; HF and Samuel Crowther, “Toward Abolishing Poverty,”
Saturday Evening Post,
Aug. 16, 1930, p. 18; HF and Samuel Crowther, “Management and Size,”
Saturday Evening Post,
Sept. 20, 1930, p. 25; HF and Samuel Crowther, “The Way to Wealth,”
Saturday Evening Post,
May 17, 1930, p. 4.

7.
S. J. Woolf, “Ford Answers Wealth-Sharers,” New York
Times Magazine,
July 7, 1935, p. 16; “Ford Urges Nation to Shun War and Stock Gambling,” New York
Times,
Oct. 27, 1935; HF and Crowther, “Way to Wealth,” p. 3. On deeper problems contributing to the Great Depression, see Robert L. Heilbroner,
The Economic Transformation of America
(New York, 1977), pp. 173–77; David M. Kennedy,
Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929–1945
(New York, 1999), pp. 40–43, 70–79.

8.
“Henry Ford on Unemployment,”
Business Week,
June 8, 1932, p. 19; HF and Samuel Crowther, “Unemployment or Leisure,”
Saturday Evening Post,
Aug. 2, 1930, pp. 102, 105.

9.
Woolf, “Ford Answers Wealth-Sharers,” p. 2; HF, “A Rich Man Should Not Have Any Money,”
Cosmopolitan,
March 1932, pp. 52–53, 164–65; “Ford Urges Nation to Shun War and Stock Gambling”; HF and Crowther, “Way to Wealth,” p. 4; HF and Samuel Crowther,
“Toward Abolishing Poverty,”
Saturday Evening Post,
Aug. 16, 1930, pp. 18, 19; Samuel Crowther, “Should the Profit System Be Destroyed? An Interview with Henry Ford,”
Elks Magazine,
Dec. 1934, p. 8.