Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (1137 page)

   Renal tubular acidosis (proximal and especially distal)

   Bartter syndrome

   Liddle syndrome

   Magnesium depletion due to any cause

   Renal vascular disease, malignant hypertension, vasculitis

   Renin-secreting tumors

   Endocrine

   Hyperaldosteronism (primary, secondary)

   Cushing syndrome especially caused by ectopic ACTH production

   CAH

   Hyperthyroidism (especially in Asian persons)

   Drugs

   Diuretics (e.g., thiazides, ethacrynic acid, furosemide); assay for diuretics should be done if urine chloride >40 mmol/L