Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension Of American Racism (112 page)

BOOK: Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension Of American Racism
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Jackson, Kenneth
 
Jackson, Michael
 
Jackson, Mississippi
 
Jacksonville, Florida
 
Jacksonville, North Carolina
 
Jacobs, James
 
Jacobs, Jane
 
Jacobsen, William, Jr.
 
Jacobson, Leo
 
Jacobson, Matthew
 
James, Will
 
Japanese Americans
 
Jasper, Indiana
 
Jaster, Vincent
 
Jefferson City, Missouri
 
Jeffries, Jim
 
Jenkins, Carol
 
Jenkins, William
 
Jennings, Bill
 
Jernigan, Robert
 
Jews
 
Holocaust focus
 
intelligence testing
 
mixed neighborhoods
 
post-World War II housing
 
real estate practices
 
restrictive covenants
 
white ethnic solidarity
 
See also
anti-Semitism; white ethnic groups
 
Jim Crow segregation.
See
segregation
 
John Birch Society
 
Johnson, Benjamin
 
Johnson, Bob
 
Johnson, Charles S.
 
Johnson, Fred
 
Johnson, Hans
 
Johnson, Jack
 
Johnson, James Weldon
 
Johnson, John J.
 
Johnson, Lois
 
Johnson, Lyndon B.
 
Johnson City, Texas
 
Johnson County, Missouri
 
Johnston City, Illinois
 
Johnstown, Pennsylvania
 
jokes about sundown towns
 
Jones, James
 
Jones, Mose
 
Jonesboro, Arkansas
 
Jonesboro, Illinois
 
Democratic Party
 
expulsions of blacks
 
interracial sports
 
present status
 
social isolation
 
See also
Anna, Illinois
 
Jones County, Mississippi
 
Jones v. Mayer
case
 
Joplin, Missouri
 
Jordan, Michael
 
Jorgensen, Maggie
 
Joseph Sears and His Kenilworth
(Kilner)
 
Juchartz, Carl
 
Julian, Percy
 
Justice, William Wayne
 
 
Kalamazoo, Michigan
 
Kane County, Illinois
 
Kansas
 
county demographics
 
Kansas City, Missouri
 
Kaplan, Robert
 
Kaplin, Bill
 
Kardes, Frank
 
Karnak, Illinois
 
Karner, John
 
Karns, Roger
 
Kazan, Elia
 
Keiser, John
 
Keller, Terry
 
Kelly, Shelly
 
Kelly, Wayne
 
Kemmerer Village orphanage
 
Kenilworth, Illinois
 
anti-Semitism
 
denial of racism
 
domestic employees
 
ordinances
 
origins
 
present status
 
restrictive covenants
 
suburban hitchhiking
 
Kennedy, Gary
 
Kennedy, John F.
 
Kennedy, Stetson
 
Kennewick, Washington
 
Kentucky
 
black mule signs
 
county demographics
 
the Great Retreat
 
school segregation
 
Kentucky Dam
 
Kentucky Derby
 
Kerner Commission
 
Kerr, Clark
 
Khan, Lin Shi
 
Khan, Nick
 
Khmer Americans
 
Kilner, Colleen
 
Kimball, Carlos
 
King, Colbert
 
King, Martin Luther, Jr.
 
assassination
 
on Chicago’s residential segregation
 
post-assassination riots
 
Kinkaid, Illinois
 
Kinloch, Missouri
 
Kirchmeier, Andrew
 
Klamath Falls, Oregon
 
Klatt, Joseph
 
Knight, Hayden
 
Knights of Labor
 
Knights of the Golden Circle
 
Knox, Nancy Leigh
 
Knoxville, Tennessee
 
Kotlowitz, Alex
 
Krupa, Frederique
 
Ku Klux Klan
 
activity in sundown towns
 
anti-Semitism
 
in Call, Texas
 
The Crusader
magazine
 
dragon symbol
 
in Elwood, Indiana
 
in Ephrata, Pennsylvania
 
expulsions of blacks
 
in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
 
in Harrison, Arkansas
 
Klanwatch Project
 
in Levittown, Pennsylvania
 
in Los Angeles, California
 
in Martinsville, Indiana
 
in Milo, Maine
 
in New Palestine, Indiana
 
in Norman, Oklahoma
 
in Ocoee, Florida
 
in Pekin, Illinois
 
Pennsylvania study
 
portrayal in
The Birth of a Nation
 
present status
 
rallies
 
religious prejudice
 
silence about
 
targeting union activism
 
targeting white ethnic groups
 
Valparaiso college plan
 
in Vandalia, Illinois
 
in Vidor, Texas
 
in Westfield, Illinois
 
labor struggles
 
as excuse for expulsion of blacks
 
freeze-outs of blacks
 
miners’ strikes
 
prejudice against unions
 
strikebreaking
 
strikes of 1890s
 
union membership
 
Lacon, Illinois
 
La Crescenta, California
 
LaCrosse, Wisconsin
 
Lacy, Karyn
 
La Jolla, California
 
Lake Forest, Illinois
 
Lakeland, Florida
 
Lalli, Michael
 
Lamar, Missouri
 
Lamb, Illinois
 
Lamoreaux, Silas
 
Landis, Kenesaw Mountain
 
Landrum-Brown, Jocelyn
 
language use
 
Lantz, Herman
 
LaSalle, Illinois
 
Latinos
 
See also
Mexican Americans
 
Laurenti, Luigi
 
Lause, Mark
 
lawn jockeys
 
Lawrence County, Kansas
 
Leavenworth, Indiana
 
Lee, John
 
Lee Sing
case
 
Leftridge, Dale
 
legal aspects
 
affirmative action legislation
 
all-black unincorporated townships
 
Arlington Heights II case
 
creation of sundown suburbs
 
creation of sundown towns
 
domestic employees
 
future options
 
ordinances
 
racial profiling
 
real estate practices
 
reparations
 
restrictive covenants
 
state prohibitions of African American residents
 
unwritten policies
 
zoning regulations
 
See also
enforcement of sundown rules; U.S. Supreme Court
 
Leibowitz, Irving
 
Leichtamer, Dick
 
Leiter, Joseph
 
Lemhi County, Idaho
 
Lemoyne, Pennsylvania
 
Lepanto, Arkansas
 
Leslie, Alexis
 
Levine, Hillel
 
Levitt, William
 
Levittown, New York
 
Levittown, Pennsylvania
 
Levittowns (New York, New Jersey, & Pennsylvania)
 
Levitt & Sons
 
Lewis, Ronald
 
Lewiston, Illinois
 
Lexington, Oklahoma
 
Leydon, Brenden
 
Liberty Township, Indiana
 
Libertyville, Illinois
 
Liddle, F. W.
 
Lies Across America
(Loewen)
 

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