The Jewish Annotated New Testament (183 page)

neighbor, concept of, 541

New Testament comparison to, 505–6

opinions vary in, 505

Rabbinic literature and, 506

YHWH in, 544

Hebrews, Hellenists and, 209–10

Hebrews, Letter to, 406–26

authorship of, 406

structure and contents of, 406–7

Hell, 11, 20;
see also
Gehenna; Sheol

Hellenism, 443, 508, 525, 529

Alexander the Great and, 507

Hellenistic Diaspora, 529

Hellenistic Judaism, of Philo, 575

Hellenists, Hebrews and, 209–10

heresy, 557, 559, 579

Herod Antipas, 8, 66, 76, 104, 576

death of, 222–23

Jews and, 509–10

John the Baptist execution by, 533

speculations of, 119

threat of, 131

Herod the Great, 508, 531

death of, 533

Idumeans and, 524

Jesus before, 147

Josephus on, 575

Judas and, 533

temple renovations by, 433, 509, 514

higher authority, subordination to, 280–81

high priest

DSS on, 534

Jesus as, 415

qualifications for, 411–12

Sadducees and, 527

Second Temple period and, 534

Hillel (rabbi), 449, 516, 543

holiness, encouragement to, 437–38

Holy Spirit, 4, 373

baptism with, 58, 81

Pentecost and, 536

Peter’s teaching and, 201

Homer, 56, 216, 227, 273, 383, 399, 549

Ḥoni, 536–37, 584

hope, exhortation to, 445

Horace, 16, 47, 114

household code, 352–53, 362, 370, 399–400, 403

human responsibility, divine judgment and, 257–58

human wisdom, 289–91

humility, 131–32, 356–57

hymn

to Christ, 365–66

of thanksgiving, 569

I

idolatry, 369

fidelity vs., 303

Idumeans, 509, 524

Ignatius, 1, 54, 239, 402, 405, 555, 557–58

imprisonment

of John the Baptist, 105

of Paul, 355–56

Ioudaios
, 155–56, 513

Alexander the Great and, 524

conversion and, 524–25

Hasmonean dynasty and, 524

identity and, 524

Idumeans as, 524

proselytes and, 524–25

translation of, 524–26

Irenaeus, 197, 378, 443, 463, 475, 556, 558

Isaiah

DSS and, 569

on Mary’s conception of Jesus, 560

prophecy, 67

Israel, 36, 66

laws, New Testament and, 505

negative examples of, 302–3

place of, 270–74

restoration of, 275–78

use of scripture of, 439

Israelites

proselytes compared to, 525

Paul’s concern for, 273–74

J

Jairus, healing of daughter of, 70–71, 118–19

James, 31, 37, 53, 460

executed by Sadducees, 528

as Judaizer, 556

James, Letter of, 427–35

content and structure of, 427

Jerome, Latin Bible, Vulgate, produced by, 561

Jerusalem, 5, 512

desolation of, 143

Jesus’ entry into, 82–83, 121, 182–83

Jesus’ lament over, 43, 131

Jesus’ second lament over, 140–41

new, 495–97

Paul in, 240–42

Pompey conquest of, 536

Rome destruction of, 2

Jerusalem Council, 227–30, 523

Jerusalem Temple;
see also
Temple, Second; Temple of Solomon

Antiochus IV Epiphanes and, 507

Caligula statue in, 511, 514

destruction of, 1, 2, 64, 406, 520, 537, 575

Gentiles in, 503

incident in, 38

Jesus’ authority over, 161–63

Jesus in, 103

Jewish worship in, 513–14

religious life centered on, 528

sacrifice, 11

tax, 32–33, 64, 325

tax collectors in, 503

Zeus’s statue in, 44

Jesus, 1, 3, 18, 59, 66, 103, 184, 412, 560;
see also
healing; son of David; Son of God; Son of Man; suffering servant

as Anointed One, 107, 531

arrest of, 91–92, 145, 146

ascension of, 151, 199–200

authority of, 16, 22, 38–39, 161–63

baptism of, 2, 7, 104, 105

birth of, 4, 101, 578

bridegroom, metaphor of, 18

burial of, 93–94, 191–92

children and, 138

circumcision of, 102

condemnation of, 22, 147–48, 191–92

cursing of, 307

death of, 2, 578

on dietary laws, 522

disciples, his appearances to, 150–51, 194

on divorce, 503

entombment of, 53–54, 94, 149

eschatology and, 15, 480–81

exaltation of, 408–9

explains his teachings, 25

as false prophet, 581–82

family of, 117, 540, 566

genealogy of, 3, 105–6

before Herod, 147

as High Priest, 415

Jerusalem entry by, 82–83, 121, 182–83

John the Baptist and, 115–16

Josephus on, 576

as King of the Jews, 51

lamentation over Jerusalem, 43

in medieval Jewish tradition, 581–82

ministry beginning of, 8–9

missionary mandate by, 109

mission of, 62

in modern Jewish thought, 582–85

Moses comparison to, 2, 154, 409–10, 504–5

multiplication of food by, 27–30, 72–73, 75

Nazareth rejection of, 27, 71, 106–7

neighbor, concept of, 543

new covenant of, 506

Peter’s denial of, 49, 50, 90, 92, 145, 146

Pharisees questioned him, 42

Pilate and, 51–52, 92–93, 147

prayer of, 189

rabbinic texts on, 580–81

Samaritan woman’s encounter with, 152, 155–56, 165–67

as shekhinah, 2, 34, 98

stilling of storm by, 17, 68–69, 117

synagogue expulsion of, 188

synagogue sermon of, 107

teaching in Galilee, 106

on temple domination system, 503

temptation of, 7–8, 106

transfiguration of, 31–32, 78, 120–21, 502

triumphal entry of, 37–38, 140, 181–83

walking on water, 28, 73

Jesus Movements, food restrictions within, 522

Jew, 42, 296, 513, 552

Abraham as first, 3

removal of term from New Testament, 525–26

Jesus’ confrontation with, 175–76

on crucifixion, 577

customs of, 514–15

on death of Jesus, 2, 578

Gentiles, table fellowship with, 523–24

Gentiles, union with, 348

Herod and, 509–10

Ioudaios
and, 525

as Jesus archenemies, 152

Judea, relocation from, 507

legalism of, 515

Luke on, 96–97

neighbor, concept of, 540–43

Paul, their persecution of, 578

response to believers in Christ, 577–80

Satan association with, 156

in Second Temple period, 158

Jewish Antiquities
(Josephus), 513, 514, 575–76, 583

Jewish Christians, 554–57

Jewish family life, in first century CE, 537

demographics of, 538

documents on, 538

domestic arrangements in, 538

education and, 540

gender segregation in, 539–40

Jesus’ family and, 117, 540, 560

love between parents and children in, 539

marriage and divorce in, 538–39

polygyny, 538

slaves and, 538

Jewish history (331 BCE-135 CE)

Alexander the Great to Maccabean Revolt, 507–8

Diaspora revolt, 512

first Judean revolt, 511–12, 533

Hasmonean dynasty, 508–9

Roman rule, 509–11

second Judean revolt, 512–13, 534

Jewish law, 62, 315

of circumcision, 514

in New Testament, 515–16

obedience to, 296

Paul on, 516–18

pork abstention, 514, 522

Sabbath, abstention of work, 515

scribes’ interpretation of, 63

Jewish movement, of New Testament period, 526

Pharisees vs. Sadducees in, 527–28

rabbis vs. priests in, 527–30

sects in, 529–30

Jewish thought, Paul in, 585–87

Jewish War
(Josephus), 575

Jewish worship, 513–15

Job, on afterlife, 549