What Stalin Knew (57 page)

ROBINSON, Henri:
RU illegal resident in Paris. Code name HARRY

RODOS, Boris V.:
Deputy to VLODZIMIRSKY of NKVD Investigative Unit for

Especially Important Cases. Known for his brutality

RUDOLF:
Code name of Leonid A. MIKHAILOV, RU resident in Prague

RYBKIN, Boris A.:
Former NKVD resident in Helsinki. Pseudonym Boris N.

YARTSEV

RYBKINA, Zoia Ivanovna:
Deputy to ALLAKHVERDOV in Information Sec-

tion of the German Department, NKGB

Rybnikar:
Belgrade RU residency source

RYCHAGOV, Pavel V.:
Chief of main administration of the air forces, RKKA.

Arrested and shot without trial on October 28, 1941

SAMOKHIN, Aleksandr G.:
Major general, RU legal resident in Belgrade. Code

name SOFOKL

SAVCHENKO, Yakov S.:
Sofia RU residency officer. Case officer for Vladimir

Zaimov

Schulze-Boysen, Harro:
NKVD/NKGB Berlin residency agent. Code name

Starshina

SEREDA, Leonid A.:
Deputy RU resident in Sofia. Code name ZEVS

SERGEI:
Code name of Semen KREMER, RU resident in London

SEROV, Ivan S.:
Head of NKVD in the Ukrainian SSR

SHAPOSHNIKOV, Boris M.:
Chief of the Soviet general staff at various times

before and during the war

SHAROV, Mikhail S.:
Deputy RU resident in Bucharest under TASS cover. Code

name KORF

SHEVTSOV, Boris F.:
Major, assistant air attaché in the London RU residency

in 1940

Shibanov:
Agent run by the Railroad Department, GTU

SHTERN, Grigory Mikhailovich:
Colonel general, chief military adviser in

Spain, 1937–38. Commander of the Far Eastern Front, January–April 1941.

From March 17 to day of arrest, June 7, 1941, was chief of PVO. Shot with-

out trial on October 28, 1941

SHVARTSMAN, Lev Leonidovich:
Deputy to Lev VLODZIMIRSKY, chief of the

NKVD Investigative Unit for Especially Important Cases

Shved:
German air major, liaison between Air and Foreign ministries, NKGB

Berlin residency subsource

SINEGUBOV, N.I.:
Chief of the First (Railroad) Department, GTU. Major of

state security

SINITSYN, Yelisei T.:
NKVD/NKGB resident in Helsinki after the Winter War

SIZOV, Aleksandr F.:
Major general, RU London residency. In liaison with

Polish, Czech, and Yugoslav governments in exile

GLOSSARY OF SPIES AND THEIR MASTERS

271

SKLIAROV, Ivan A.:
Successor to Major General CHERNY as RU resident and

Soviet military attaché in London. Code name BRION

SKORNIAKOV, Nikolai D.:
Deputy RU resident and air attaché in Berlin. Code

name METEOR

Slovak:
Agent of the Budapest RU residency

SMIRNOV, Ivan V.:
RU legal resident in Helsinki. Code name OSTVALD

SMORODINOV, I. V.:
Deputy chief of the Soviet general staff

Söhnchen:
Code name of Kim Philby, agent, London NKVD/NKGB residency

SOFOKL:
Code name of Aleksandr G. SAMOKHIN, RU resident in Belgrade

SORGE, Richard:
Soviet RU illegal resident, Tokyo. Ran network of agents.

Was arrested on October 18, 1941 and executed in November 1944

Starik:
Friend of Korsikanets’s who assisted in communications among the

members of the NKGB spy network in Berlin

Starshina:
Code name of Harro Schulze-Boysen, Berlin friend of Korsikanets’s

NKGB agent. Occupied a major’s position in the intelligence element of the

German Air Ministry

STEPANOV:
Code name of Aleksandr KOROTKOV

Stöbe, Ilse:
Well-known journalist and mistress of Rudolf Herrnstadt. Served as

a communications link to Herrnstadt’s RU agent network. Code name Alta

SUDOPLATOV, Pavel A.:
Deputy chief, NKGB Fifth Department. Deputy to

FITIN. Assassinated Trotsky

SUSLOPAROV, Ivan A.:
General, RU legal resident and military attaché in Paris

Teffi:
Agent of the Third (Counterintelligence) Department of GUGB NKVD.

Was in the Greek embassy, probably a Soviet servant or worker

TIMOSHENKO, Semen K.:
Defense commissar, commander of the Northwest

Front in January 1940

Tony:
Code name of Anthony Blunt, NKVD/NKGB residency source in London

TREPPER, Leopold:
Illegal resident in Paris. Code name OTTO

TSANAVA, Lavrenty F.:
Head of NKVD Belorussian SSR, 1938–41. People’s

commissar for state security

TSEPKOV, V. G.:
Senior investigator of NKVD Investigative Unit for Especially

Important Cases

TUPIKOV, Vasily I.:
Military attaché in Berlin in 1940. RU legal resident. Code

name ARNOLD

Turok:
Principal bookkeeper for I. G. Farben, NKGB Berlin residency subsource

Ukrainets:
Agent of Ukrainian NKVD

URITSKY, Semen P.:
RU chief in Moscow, executed in 1939

VADIM:
Code name of Anatoly GORSKY, NKVD/NKGB resident in London

VAGNER:
Agent of Budapest RU residency

VASILEV, Andrei A.:
Captain, secretary to the Soviet military attaché in

Belgrade

272

GLOSSARY OF SPIES AND THEIR MASTERS

VASILEVSKY, Aleksandr M.:
In the General Staff Operational Directorate

VERNY:
Agent at the American embassy, Moscow

VLODZIMIRSKY, Lev Yemelyanovich:
Chief, NKVD Investigative Unit for

Especially Important Cases

Völkisch, Kurt:
German embassy press officer stationed in Warsaw, later in

Bucharest. Recruited agent of RU. Code name AVS

Völkisch, Margarita:
Code name LTsL. Agent of RU, wife of Kurt Völkisch. Sec-

retary in the German embassy in Bucharest

VOLOSIUK, Makar M.:
Deputy RU legal resident and assistant air attaché in

Paris. Code name RATO

Von Scheliha, Rudolf:
Recruited agent of RU, counselor in the German

embassy in Warsaw. Member of the Information Department, German For-

eign Office, Berlin, in 1939. Code name Ariets

Von B.:
Senior officer of the German embassy in Moscow under cultivation by

Yastreb

VON WEIZSÄCKER, Ernst:
German state secretary in the German Foreign

Ministry. His personal file contained Ponschab telegrams

VOROSHILOV, Kliment Ye.:
People’s commissar for defense

VOZNESENSKY, Nikolai:
Economist accused of conspiracy against the party

leadership in the Leningrad affair

Vrach:
Source in Bucharest RU residency

Vrana, Vladimir:
Agent of Prague RU residency. Employed in the export divi-

sion of the Skoda Works

Weiss, Ernest:
RU agent in London. Had a number of French contacts

YARTSEV, Boris N.:
Pseudonym of Boris A. RYBKIN. NKVD legal resident in

Helsinki in 1938

Yastreb:
Soviet agent cultivating Von B. at the German embassy in Moscow.

YEREMIN, Grigory M.:
RU resident in Bucharest. His cover was that of third

secretary in the Soviet embassy. Code name YESHCHENKO

YERMOLOV, M. D.:
Major, assistant to RU Colonel Ivan V. SMIRNOV, legal res-

ident in Helsinki

YESHCHENKO:
Code name of Grigory YEREMIN, RU resident in Bucharest

Yun:
NKVD agent covering the U.S. embassy in Berlin

Zagorsky:
Agent run by the Belostokaia railroad (GTU)

Zaimov, Vladimir:
Agent of the Sofia residency. Code name Azorsky

ZAITSEV, Nikolai M.:
RU Berlin residency. Was responsible for maintaining

contact with the illegal Alta who handled Ariets

ZAITSEV, Viktor S.:
Subordinate of RU resident in Tokyo. Link to SORGE and

his network

ZARUBIN, Vasily M.:
One of the NKVD’s most celebrated illegals. Known in the

United States as ZUBILIN when he served there as resident from 1941 to

1944. ZARUBIN handled Willy Lehmann

GLOSSARY OF SPIES AND THEIR MASTERS

273

ZEVS:
Code name of deputy RU resident in Sofia Leonid A. SEREDA

ZHUKOV, Georgy K.:
Chief of the Soviet general staff January–July 1941

ZHURAVLIEV, Boris N.:
Case officer for Willy Lehman. Code name Nikolai

ZHURAVLIEV, Pavel M.:
Head of the German Section of the NKGB Foreign

Intelligence Directorate

Zhurin:
Head of the Military Justice Department of the Bulgarian Defense Min-

istry and member of the High Military Council. Source of RU agent Boevoy

ZUBILIN:
See ZARUBIN, Vasily M.

Notes

The following abbreviations are used:

AP RF

Archive of the President of the Russian Federation

FSB

Federal Security Service

RGVA

Russian State Military Archive

SVR

Foreign Intelligence Service

TsA

Central Archive

TsA MO

Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense

Epigraph

Miklos Kun,
Stalin: An Unknown Portrait
(Budapest: CEU Press, 2003), 421.

Chapter ∞: Stalin versus Hitler

1. Ronald Fraser,
Blood of Spain: An Oral History of the Spanish Civil War
(New York,

1979). See also Ronald Radosh, Mary R. Habeck, and Grigory Sevostianov,
Spain Betrayed:

The Soviet Union in the Spanish Civil War
(New Haven, 2001).

2. Winston S. Churchill,
The Gathering Storm
(Boston, 1948), 272.

3. Ibid., 325.

Chapter ≤: The Outspoken General

1. RVGA, f. 37976, op. 1, d. 523, 3–4. Proskurov seemed very conscious of his Ukrai-

nian background. In filling out personnel questionnaires during military service he listed

Ukrainian as his first language, Russian his second.

276

NOTES TO PAGES ∫ – ≤∏

2. A. Kopeikin, ‘‘Salud, Piloto Ruso,’’
Aviatsia i Kosmonavtika,
no. 12, 1989, 30.

3. RGVA, f. 37976, op. 1, d. 523; A. Ostrovsky, ‘‘Sov. Sekretno. Osobo Interesno,’’

Sovietsky Voin,
September 1990, 68–69.

4. RGVA, f. 37976, op. 1, d. 523, 51.

5. Ronald Radosh, Mary R. Habeck, and Grigory Sevostianov,
Spain Betrayed: The

Soviet Union in the Spanish Civil War
(New Haven, 2001), 261. Berzin left the RU in 1936 to

become deputy commander of the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army for Political

Affairs. In 1930 he had been sent to Spain.

6. RGVA, f. 35082, op. 1, d. 536, 2a.

7. Kopeikin, ‘‘Salud,’’ 31.

8. Ibid; Radosh, Habeck, and Sevostianov,
Spain Betrayed,
263, 275.

9. RGVA, Proskurov Service Record (Lichnoe Delo), f. 37976, op. 1, d. 523. See also

Who’s Who (Kto est’ kto), http://www.airforce.ru/staff/who is who.

10. Order of the Council of People’s Commissars, July 16, 1937, February 22, 1938;

Ostrovsky, ‘‘Sov. Sekretno.’’ 69. The aircraft was probably the TB-7, which Stalin eventually

decided against putting into mass production, opting instead for an increase in ground

support aircraft.

11. Ostrovsky ‘‘Sov. Sekretno,’’ 68.

12. Telephone interview by the author with Lidia Ivanovna Proskurova, daughter of

Ivan Iosifovich Proskurov, October 6, 2002.

13. Telephone interview by an intermediary of the author with Lidia Ivanovna Pros-

kurova, November 2003.

14. I. I. Basik et al., eds.,
Glavny Voenny Sovet
(Moscow, 2004), 5–6, 15.

15. Ostrovsky, ‘‘Sov. Sekretno,’’ 69. See also http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/

ponomarev. For a description of Soviet military intelligence organization and functions

when Proskurov took over, see appendix 1.

16. For background on the origins and early activities of Soviet military intelligence,

see Raymond W. Leonard,
Secret Soldiers of the Revolution: Soviet Military Intelligence,

1918–1933.

Chapter ≥: Proskurov Sets Stalin Straight

1. ‘‘Soobshchenie I. I. Proskurova I. V. Stalinu,’’
Izvestia TsK KPSS,
no. 3, 1990, 216–19.

2. M. Yu. Miagkov, ed.,
Mirovye Voiny XX Veka
(Moscow, 2002), book 4, 68.

3. Anthony Read and David Fisher,
Deadly Embrace: Hitler, Stalin, and the Nazi-

Soviet Pact
(New York, 1988), 118–19, 138.

4. Ibid., 145.

5. Aleksandr N. Ponomarev,
Pokoriteli Neba
(Moscow, 1980), 68–69. This is the

source for the account of the August 1939 talks.

6. Ibid., 73–75.

7. Read and Fisher,
Deadly Embrace,
141.

8. T. Bushueva, ‘‘Proklinaia—Poprobuite Poniat,’’
Novy Mir,
no. 12, 1994, 230–37.

This document was found in the Center for the Preservation of Historical-Documentary

Collections, formerly the Special Archive of the USSR (Osobiy Arkhiv SSSR), f. 7, op. 1, d.

1223. According to Bushueva, with whom I spoke by telephone in October 2002, the Special

Archive contained documents sent back to Moscow by the occupying Soviet Group of

Forces in Germany. The Russian original, if it exists, has never been found.

9. ‘‘The False Report Issued by the Havas agency,’’
Pravda,
November 30, 1939. The

Havas release is also mentioned in Viktor Suvorov [Vladimir B. Rezun],
Icebreaker: Who