Burma Redux: Global Justice and the Quest for Political Reform in Myanmar (56 page)

90.
   The Panglong Agreement is reproduced in Maung Maung,
Burma’s Constutition
, 2
^nd
ed. (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1961), pp.229–30.

91.
   Matthew J. Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma: The Myths of Panglong,”
Asian Survey
48:6 (2008), 889–910, p.889.

92.
   Ko Htwe, “Suu Kyi faces challenges in supporting second Panglong conference,”
Irrawaddy
, November 22, 2010.

93.
   Aung San, February 2, 1947, cited in Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma,” p.896.

94.
   Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma,” p.901.

95.
   Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma,” pp.903–7.

96.
   Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma,” p.908.

97.
   Walton, “Ethnicity, Conflict, and History in Burma,” p.910.

98.
   Katherine Glassmyer and Nicholas Sambanis, “Rebel-Military Integration and Civil War Termination,”
Journal of Peace Research
45:3 (2008), 365–84.

99.
   Martin J. Smith,
Burma: Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity
, 2
^nd
ed. (London: Zed Books, 1999), pp.88–101.

100.
 Macartan Humphreys and Jeremy M. Weinstein, “Demobilization and Reintegration,”
Journal of Conflict Resolution
51:4 (2007), 531–67.

101.
 Barbara F. Walter, “Does Conflict Beget Conflict? Explaining Recurring Civil War,”
Journal of Peace Research
41:3 (2004), 371–88.

102.
 Paige Arthur, “How ‘Transitions’ Reshaped Human Rights: A Conceptual History of Transitional Justice,”
Human Rights Quarterly
31:2 (2009), 321–67.

103.
 Luc Huyse, “Justice after Transition: On the Choices Successor Elites Make in Dealing with the Past,”
Law and Social Inquiry
20:1 (1995), 51–78, p.52.

104.
 Stanley Cohen, “State Crimes of Previous Regimes: Knowledge, Accountability, and the Policing of the Past,”
Law and Social Inquiry
20:1 (1995), 7–50, pp.11–12.

105.
 Arthur Stinchcombe, “Lustration as a Problem of the Social Basis of Constitutionalism,”
Law and Social Inquiry
20:1 (1995), 245–73, p.246.

106.
 Cohen, “State Crimes of Previous Regimes,” p.36.

107.
 Priscilla B. Hayner,
Unspeakable Truths: Facing the Challenge of Truth Commissions
(New York, NY: Routledge, 2002).

108.
 Roman David, “From Prague to Baghdad: Lustration Systems and Their Political Effects,”
Government and Opposition
41:2 (2006), 347–72.

109.
 James L. Gibson,
Overcoming Apartheid: Can Truth Reconcile a Divided Nation?
(New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation, 2004). Audrey R. Chapman and Hugo van der Merwe (eds),
Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa: Did the TRC Deliver?
(Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008).

110.
 Robert I. Rotberg and Dennis Thompson (eds),
Truth v. Justice: The Morality of Truth Commissions
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000).

111.
 Jean Hampton, “Forgiveness, Resentment and Hatred,” in Jeffrie G. Murphy and Jean Hampton,
Forgiveness and Mercy
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 35–87.

112.
 Jodi Halpern and Harvey M. Weinstein, “Rehumanizing the Other: Empathy and Reconciliation,”
Human Rights Quarterly
26:3 (2004), 561–83.

113.
 Jeremy Sarkin, “An Evaluation of the South African Amnesty Process,” in Audrey R. Chapman and Hugo van der Merwe (eds),
Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa: Did the TRC Deliver?
(Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), 93–115.

114.
 Carsten Stahn, “Accommodating Individual Criminal Responsibility and National Reconciliation: The UN Truth Commission for East Timor,”
American Journal of International Law
95 (2001), 952–66.

115.
 Roman David, “Lustration Laws in Action: The Motives and Evaluation of Lustration Policies in the Czech Republic and Poland (1989–2001),”
Law and Social Inquiry
28:2 (2003), 387–439.

116.
 Roman David and Ian Holliday, “Set the Junta Free: Pre-transitional Justice in Myanmar’s Democratization,”
Australian Journal of Political Science
41:1 (2006), 91–105.

117.
 Cohen, “State Crimes of Previous Regimes,” p.26. Also see Roman David, “Transitional Injustice? Criteria for Conformity of Lustration to the Right to Political Expression,”
Europe-Asia Studies
56:6 (2004), 789–812. And see Yvonne Chiu, “Liberal Lustration,”
Journal of Political Philosophy
19 (2011), forthcoming.

118.
 Cohen, “State Crimes of Previous Regimes,” p.44.

119.
 Maria Los, “Lustration and Truth Claims: Unfinished Revolutions in Central Europe,”
Law and Social Inquiry
20:1 (1995), 117–61. Tim Kelsall, “Truth, Lies, Ritual: Preliminary Reflections on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Sierra Leone,”
Human Rights Quarterly
27:2 (2005), 361–91. John Roosa, “How Does a Truth Commission Find Out What the Truth Is? The Case of East Timor’s CAVR,”
Pacific Affairs
80:4 (2007–08), 569–80. Audrey R. Chapman and Patrick Ball, “Levels of Truth: Macro-truth and the TRC,” in Audrey R. Chapman and Hugo van der Merwe (eds),
Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa: Did the TRC Deliver?
(Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), 143–68.

120.
 Margaret Popkin and Naomi Roht-Arriaza, “Truth as Justice: Investigatory Commissions in Latin America,”
Law and Social Inquiry
20:1 (1995), 79–116.

121.
 Huyse, “Justice after Transition,” p.78.

122.
 David and Holliday, “Set the Junta Free.”

123.
 Richard Spitz with Matthew Chaskalson,
The Politics of Transition: The Hidden History of South Africa’s Negotiated Settlement
(Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2000), p.31.

124.
 Rajeev Bhargava, “Restoring Decency to Barbaric Societies,” in Robert I. Rotberg and Dennis Thompson (eds),
Truth v. Justice: The Morality of Truth Commissions
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000), 45–67.

125.
 Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson, “The Moral Foundations of Truth Commissions,” in Robert I. Rotberg and Dennis Thompson (eds),
Truth v. Justice: The Morality of Truth Commissions
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000), 22–44.

Chapter 5

1.
     Hugh Tinker,
The Union of Burma: A Study of the First Years of Independence
, 4
^th
ed. (London: Oxford University Press, 1967), p.110.

2.
     William C. Johnstone,
Burma’s Foreign Policy: A Study in Neutralism
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963).

3.
     Ademola Adeleke, “The Strings of Neutralism: Burma and the Colombo Plan,”
Pacific Affairs
76:4 (2003–04), 593–610.

4.
     Donald M. Seekins,
Burma and Japan since 1940: From “Co-Prosperity” to “Quiet Dialogue”
(Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 2007), p.56.

5.
     David I. Steinberg, “Democracy, Power, and the Economy in Myanmar: Donor Dilemmas,”
Asian Survey
31:8 (1991), 729–42, p.741.

6.
     Chi-shad Liang,
Burma’s Foreign Relations: Neutralism in Theory and Practice
(New York, NY: Praeger, 1990), pp.67–96.

7.
     Maureen Aung-Thwin and Thant Myint-U, “The Burmese Ways to Socialism,”
Third World Quarterly
13:1 (1992), 67–75, p.67. Also see Robert H. Taylor, “Burma’s Ambiguous Breakthrough,”
Journal of Democracy
1:4 (1990), 62–72.

8.
     Mary Callahan, “The Endurance of Military Rule in Burma: Not Why, but Why Not?,” in Susan L. Levenstein, ed.,
Finding Dollars, Sense, and Legitimacy in Burma
(Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2010), 54–76.

9.
     John B. Haseman, “Destruction of Democracy: The Tragic Case of Burma,”
Asian Affairs
20:1 (1993), 17–26, p.17.

10.
   Gary Clyde Hufbauer, Jeffrey J. Schott, Kimberly Ann Elliott and Barbara Oegg,
Economic Sanctions Reconsidered
, 3
^rd
ed. (Washington, DC: Pearson Institute for International Economics, 2007).

11.
   Morten B. Pedersen,
Promoting Human Rights in Burma: A Critique of Western Sanctions Policy
(Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2008).

12.
   Aung San Suu Kyi,
Freedom from Fear: And Other Writings
, rev. ed. (London: Penguin, 1995).

13.
   David I. Steinberg, “The United States and Myanmar: A ‘Boutique Issue’?,”
International Affairs
86:1 (2010), 175–94.

14.
   Ashley South,
Burma’s Longest War: Anatomy of the Karen Conflict
(Amsterdam: Transnational Institute and Burma Center Netherlands, 2011), p.48.

15.
   Michael Aung-Thwin, “Parochial Universalism, Democracy
Jihad
and the Orientalist Image of Burma: The New Evangelism,”
Pacific Affairs
74:4 (2001–02), 483–505.

16.
   Derek Tonkin’s series of
Burmese Perspectives
convincingly makes this point.
www.networkmyanmar.org
.

17.
   David Kinley and Trevor Wilson, “Engaging a Pariah: Human Rights Training in Burma/Myanmar,”
Human Rights Quarterly
29:2 (2007), 368–402.

18.
   International Crisis Group,
Myanmar: New Threats to Humanitarian Aid
, Asia Briefing No.58, December 8, 2006 (Yangon/Brussels: International Crisis Group, 2006), p.3. Also see David Camroux and Renaud Egreteau, “Normative Europe Meets the Burmese Garrison State: Processes, Policies, Blockages and Future Possibilities,” in Nick Cheesman, Monique Skidmore and Trevor Wilson (eds),
Ruling Myanmar: From Cyclone Nargis to National Elections
(Singapore: ISEAS Publishing, 2010), 267–93.

19.
   Asia Society Task Force Report,
Current Realities and Future Possibilities in Burma/Myanmar: Options for U.S. Policy
(No place: Asia Society, 2010). Priscilla Clapp, “Prospects for Rapprochement between the United States and Myanmar,”
Contemporary Southeast Asia
32:3 (2010), 409–26. Priscilla Clapp, “Burma’s Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Policy,” in Nick Cheesman, Monique Skidmore and Trevor Wilson (eds),
Ruling Myanmar: From Cyclone Nargis to National Elections
(Singapore: ISEAS Publishing, 2010), 32–51.

20.
   European Union, “Council Decision 2011/239/CFSP of 12 April 2011 amending Decision 2010/232/CFSP renewing restrictive measures against Burma/Myanmar.”
Official Journal of the European Union
, April 15, 2011, L 101/24.